Oxford COVID-19 Evidence Service

Rapid evidence reviews and data analysis relating to the coronavirus pandemic.

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Last updated Title
20200312 12th March How Cities Need to Change, to Avoid Spreading Infections Heneghan C, Howard D
Urban environment
20200421 21st April England and Wales mortality during the COVID-19 outbreak – Update 21st April DeVito N, Heneghan C, Oke J.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200406 6th April Rapidly managing pneumonia in older people during a pandemic Heneghan C, Aronson JK, Hobbs FR, Mahtani KR
Updated   Primary Care practice, Treatments for COVID
20200316 16th March NSAIDs in Acute Respiratory Infection Heneghan C, Brassey J.
Co-morbidities, Treatments for COVID
20200406 6th April COVID-19 Registered Trials – and analysis Aronson JK, Ferner RE, DeVito N, Heneghan C.
Updated   Research and Trials
20201007 7th October Global Covid-19 Case Fatality Rates Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200407 7th April Hand Disinfectant and COVID-19 Robin E. Ferner
Updated   Prevention
20200331 31st March Accuracy of strip-like forehead thermometers Jon Brassey, Carl Heneghan
Updated   Symptom assessment
20200318 18th March Inhaled Steroids in Asthma during the COVID-19 Outbreak Hartmann-Boyce J, Hobbs FR.
Co-morbidities
20200318 18th March Managing Fever in adults with possible or confirmed COVID-19 in Primary Care Park S, Brassey J, Heneghan C, Mahtani KR.
Treatments for COVID
20200402 2nd April What is the evidence for social distancing during global pandemics? Mahtani KR, Heneghan C & Aronson JK
Updated   Prevention, Urban environment
20200407 7th April Current Questions Under Review
Updated  
20200430 30th April Smoking in acute respiratory infections Hartmann-Boyce J, Lindson N.
Updated   About coronavirus, Prevention
20200406 6th April Rapid diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia for clinicians Pluddemann A, Hobbs FR, Mahtani KR and Heneghan C.
Updated   Diagnostic tests
20200320 20th March What is the evidence for mass gatherings during global pandemics? Nunan D, Brassey J.
Prevention
20200331 31st March Spreading SARS-CoV-2 through ocular fluids Ferner RE, Murray PI, Aronson JK.
Updated   About coronavirus, PPE
20200328 28th March Maximising mobility in older people when isolated with COVID-19 Hartmann-Boyce J, Davies N, Frost R, Bussey J, Park S.
Updated   Prevention, Primary Care practice
20200323 23rd March Do weather conditions influence the transmission of the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)? Brassey J, Heneghan C, Mahtani KR, Aronson JK.
About coronavirus
20200403 3rd April Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in COVID-19 Aronson JK, Ferner RE.
Updated   Co-morbidities, Treatments for COVID
20200403 3rd April Are there any evidence-based ways of assessing dyspnoea (breathlessness) by telephone or video Greenhalgh T, Kotze K and Van Der Westhuizen H-M.
Updated   Symptom assessment
20200328 28th March How accurate is the wrist style BP cuff folks tend to buy from the chemist/online? Hoang U.
Updated   Symptom assessment
20200409 9th April What is the evidence for anosmia (loss of smell) as a clinical feature of COVID-19? O’Donovan J, Tanveer S, Jones N, Hopkins C, Senior BA, Wise SK, Brassey J, Greenhalgh T.
Updated   Signs and Symptoms
20200330 30th March COVID-19 Symptoms Tracker Nunan D, Brassey J, Mahtani KR, Heneghan C, Lee H, Hartmann Boyce J, Gardner A, Patrick-Smith M.
Updated   Signs and Symptoms
20200402 2nd April What is the efficacy of standard face masks compared to respirator masks in preventing COVID-type respiratory illnesses in primary care staff? Greenhalgh T and Chan XH.
Updated   PPE
20200330 30th March Supporting people with long-term conditions (LTCs) during national emergencies Hartmann-Boyce J and Mahtani KR.
Updated   Co-morbidities
20200401 1st April Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: Current evidence for their effectiveness in treating COVID-19 Frie K and Gbinigie K.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200330 30th March Should we prescribe longer repeat prescriptions for patients with long-term conditions during a pandemic? Mahtani K, MacKenna B, Spencer E.
Updated   Primary Care practice
20200330 30th March Can social prescribing support the COVID-19 pandemic? Tierney S, Mahtani K, Turk A.
Updated   Primary Care practice, Treatments for COVID
20200720 20th July Coronaviruses – a general introduction Aronson JK.
Updated   About coronavirus
20200401 1st April Comparative accuracy of oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swabs for diagnosis of COVID-19 Carver C, Jones N.
Updated   Diagnostic tests
20200408 8th April What is the effectiveness and safety of antiviral or antibody treatments for coronavirus? Rios P, Radhakrishnan A, Thomas SM, Darvesh N, Straus SE, Tricco AC.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200331 31st March SARS-CoV-2 viral load and the severity of COVID-19 Heneghan C, Brassey J, Jefferson T.
Updated   About coronavirus
20200331 31st March Guidelines for preventing respiratory illness in older adults aged 60 years and above living in long-term care Rios P, Radhakrishnan A, Thomas SM, Darvesh N, Straus SE, Tricco AC.
Updated   Prevention, Primary Care practice
20200330 30th March Preventing respiratory illness in older adults aged 60 years and above living in long-term care Rios P, Radhakrishnan A, Thomas SM, Darvesh N, Straus SE, Tricco AC.
Updated   Prevention, Primary Care practice
20200330 30th March Should people with chronic respiratory health problems stop taking long term oral immunosuppressants? Kalin A.
Co-morbidities
20200602 2nd June In patients of COVID-19, what are the symptoms and clinical features of mild and moderate cases? Michelen M, Jones N, Stavropoulou C.
Updated   Signs and Symptoms
20200519 19th May Question: Should smartphone apps be used clinically as oximeters? Answer: No. Greenhalgh T, Tarassenko L.
Updated   Signs and Symptoms, Symptom assessment
20200402 2nd April Question: Should the Roth score be used in the remote assessment of patients with possible COVID-19? Answer: No. Greenhalgh T.
Diagnostic tests, Signs and Symptoms, Symptom assessment
20200408 8th April Modelling the models Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200408 8th April Problems in identifying the origins of  an outbreak Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   About coronavirus
20200429 29th April Tracking mortality over time – Update 28th April Oke J, DeVito N, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200403 3rd April What is the efficacy of eye protection equipment compared to no eye protection equipment in preventing transmission of COVID-19-type respiratory illnesses in primary and community care? Khunti K, Greenhalgh T, Chan XH, Durand-Moreau Q, Straube S, Devane D, Toomey E, Adisesh A.
PPE, Prevention
20200408 8th April COVID-19: What proportion are asymptomatic? Heneghan C, Brassey J, Jefferson T.
Updated   About coronavirus
20200409 9th April Is a 14-day quarantine effective against the spread of COVID-19? McCall M, Nunan D, Heneghan C.
Updated   Prevention, Primary Care practice
20200407 7th April Molecular and antibody point-of-care tests to support the screening, diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19 Green K, Graziadio S, Turner P, Fanshawe T, Allen J.
Diagnostic tests
20200408 8th April What is the evidence that COVID-19 personal protective equipment should include shoe covers? Khunti K, Greenhalgh T, Chan XH, Durand-Moreau Q, Straube S, Devane D, Toomey E, Adisesh A, Ross L.
Updated   PPE, Prevention
20200408 8th April COVID-19 – The Tipping Point Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
About coronavirus, Blog
20200408 8th April Diabetes and risks from COVID-19 Hartmann-Boyce J, Morris E, Goyder C, Kinton J, Perring J, Nunan D, Khunti K.
Co-morbidities
20200408 8th April Managing diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic Hartmann-Boyce J, Morris E, Goyder C, Kinton J, Perring J, Nunan D, Khunti K.
Co-morbidities
20200409 9th April COVID-19. Can Historical Antivirals Be of Use? Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200408 8th April NEWS (or NEWS2) score when assessing possible COVID-19 patients in primary care? Greenhalgh T, Treadwell J, Burrow R, Roberts N.
Diagnostic tests, Primary Care practice, Symptom assessment
20200408 8th April What is the role of imaging and biomarkers within the current testing strategy for the diagnosis of Covid-19? Green K, Allen AJ, Suklan J, Beyer FR, Price DA, Graziadio S.
Diagnostic tests
20200408 8th April Differentiating viral from bacterial pneumonia Heneghan C, Pluddemann A and Mahtani KR.
Diagnostic tests, Symptom assessment
20200414 14th April Reconciling COVID-19 death data in the UK Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200409 9th April COVID-19 death data in England – Update 9th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200409 9th April COVID-19 deaths compared with “Swine Flu” Heneghan C, Jefferson T.
Statistics and Mortality
20200410 10th April COVID-19 Death Data in England – Update 10th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Statistics and Mortality
20200410 10th April Is the UK Coronavirus death toll 70-80% higher? Oke J, Heneghan C.
Statistics and Mortality
20200411 11th April COVID-19: William Farr’s way out of the Pandemic Heneghan C, Jefferson T.
Prevention
20200411 11th April COVID-19 Death Data in England – Update 11th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Statistics and Mortality
20200412 12th April COVID-19 Death Data in England – Update 12th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Statistics and Mortality
20200414 14th April Are COVID-19 patients in hospital or admitted to hospital? Mahon J, Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200413 13th April COVID-19 Death Data in England – Update 13th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200414 14th April Lopinavir/ritonavir: A rapid review of effectiveness in COVID-19 Dorward J, Gbinigie K.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200414 14th April “When will it be over?”: An introduction to viral reproduction numbers, R0 and Re  Aronson JK, Brassey J, Mahtani KR.
Updated   About coronavirus
20200414 14th April N-acetylcysteine: A rapid review of the evidence for effectiveness in treating COVID-19 van Hecke O, Lee J.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200414 14th April Editor’s commentary: Rapid reviews of PPE – an update Greenhalgh T.
Updated   PPE
20200414 14th April Hydroxychloroquine or Chloroquine for treating COVID-19 – a PROTOCOL for a systematic review of IPD Fontes LE, Riera R, Miranda E, Oke J, Heneghan CJ, Aronson JK, Pacheco RL, Martimbianco ALC, Nunan D.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200414 14th April How can pandemic spreads be contained in care homes? Koshkouei M, Abel L, Pilbeam C.
Updated   Prevention, Primary Care practice
20200414 14th April Practical tips for clinicians helping patients with COVID-related anxiety/distress Zimmerman M, Ali S, Jones N, Maskrey N.
Updated   Co-morbidities, Primary Care practice
20200414 14th April COVID-19 Death Data in England – Update 14th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200414 14th April Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: What do the clinical trials tell us? Ferner RE, Aronson JK.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200414 14th April COVID-19 – The great plague of Lombardy – a not so distant resonance chamber Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   About coronavirus
20200415 15th April COVID-19 Death Data in England – Update 15th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20201116 16th November What does RCGP surveillance tell us about COVID-19 in the community? Heneghan C, Jefferson T.
Updated   Primary Care practice, Statistics and Mortality
20200416 16th April Does physical exercise prevent or treat acute respiratory infection (ARI)? McCall M, Nunan D, Heneghan C.
Updated   Prevention, Treatments for COVID
20200416 16th April What is the effectiveness of protective gowns and aprons against COVID-19 in primary care settings? Coles B, Burton C, Khunti K, Greenhalgh T, Chan XH, Ross L.
Updated   PPE, Prevention
20200416 16th April COVID-19 Death Data in England – Update 16th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200417 17th April Protocol: Systematic review of interventions initiated in response to disasters and national emergencies and their impact on short-and long-term diabetes outcomes Hartmann-Boyce J.
Updated   Research and Trials
20200417 17th April COVID-19 How many Healthcare workers are infected? Henghan C, Oke J, Jefferson T.
Updated   About coronavirus
20200417 17th April COVID-19 Death Data in England – Update 17th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200417 17th April COVID 19 – Masks on or off? Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   Prevention
20200418 18th April COVID-19 Death Data in England – Update 18th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200418 18th April COVID-19 – Is Lombardy the Widow of Hampstead? Jefferson T, Bonati M, Heneghan C.
Updated   Research and Trials
20200419 19th April COVID-19 Death Data in England – Update 19th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200420 20th April What clinical features or scoring system, if any, might best predict a benefit from hospital admission for patients with COVID-19? BurrowR, Treadwell J, Roberts N.
Updated   Primary Care practice, Signs and Symptoms, Symptom assessment
20200420 20th April COVID-19 Death Data in England – Update 20th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200420 20th April What tests could potentially be used for the screening, diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19 and what are their advantages and disadvantages?  Green K, Winter A, Dickinson R, Graziadio S, Wolff R, Mallett S, Allen AJ.
Updated   Diagnostic tests
20200420 20th April COVID-19 – Tracking European Mortality Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200421 21st April Are interventions such as social distancing effective at reducing the risk of asymptomatic healthcare workers transmitting COVID-19 infection to other household members? Jones N, Carver C.
Updated   Prevention
20200421 21st April What is the efficacy and safety of rapid exercise tests for exertional desaturation in covid-19? Javid B, Knight M, Inada-Kim M.
Updated   Diagnostic tests
20200421 21st April COVID-19 Death Data in England – Update 21st April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200422 22nd April What conditions could we prioritise in the primary care setting to reduce non-COVID-related admissions to hospital? Stavropoulou C, Palmer VJ, Burls A, Ansuategi E, Ubeda Carrillo M, Purdy S.
Updated   Primary Care practice
20200422 22nd April Is it safe for patients with COVID-19 to fast in Ramadan? Kalin A, Mahmood A, Waqar S, Yusuf A, Ghouri N, Sattar N, Chowdhury T, Ghouri N.
Updated   Primary Care practice
20200422 22nd April COVID-19 Death Data in England – Update 22nd April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200422 22nd April Talk Evidence: COVID-19 Jarvies D, Macdonald H, Heneghan C.
Updated   About coronavirus
20200423 23rd April Volunteering during the COVID-19 pandemic: What are the potential benefits to people’s well-being? Tierney S, Mahtani KR.
Updated   Primary Care practice
20200423 23rd April COVID 19 – Nova et Vetera: Lazaretts of Venice  Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   Urban environment
20200423 23rd April COVID-19: Activity in Scotland Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200423 23rd April COVID-19 Death Data in England – Update 23rd April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200424 24th April Does BCG vaccination protect against acute respiratory infections and COVID-19? A rapid review of current evidence Soliman R, Brassey J, Plüddemann A, Heneghan C.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200424 24th April COVID-19 – Collateral Damage in Scotland Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200424 24th April COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 24th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200425 25th April COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 25th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200426 26th April COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 26th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200426 26th April COVID-19 Global Charts – Our World in Data Heneghan C.
Updated   Prevention
20200427 27th April Mortality in COVID-19 patients with radiological changes on admission Kernohan A, Boath A, Calderon M, Hunter E, Graziadio S.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200427 27th April Six Countries: Three-quarters of the COVID Deaths Heneghan C, McCall M, Jefferson T.
Updated   Prevention
20200427 27th April Effect of Latitude on COVID-19 Heneghan C, Jefferson T.
Updated   Prevention
20200427 27th April COVID 19 – The Widow of Hampstead Revisited Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   Prevention
20200427 27th April COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 27th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200428 28th April What is the evidence for using macrolide antibiotics to treat COVID-19? Gbinigie K, Frie K.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200428 28th April COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 28th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200429 29th April Is there an association between exposure to air pollution and severity of COVID-19 infection? Hoang U, Jones N.
Updated   Urban environment
20200429 29th April COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 29th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200430 30th April COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 30th April Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200430 30th April Covid 19 – Epidemic ‘Waves’ Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   About coronavirus
20200501 1st May Vitamin D: A rapid review of the evidence for treatment or prevention in COVID-19 Lee J, van Hecke O, Roberts N.
Updated   Prevention, Treatments for COVID
20200501 1st May What questions are priority areas for primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic? A rapid question generation and prioritisation exercise Newlove-Delgado T, Cockcroft E, Byng R, Burns L, Liabo K.
Updated   Primary Care practice
20210728 28th July Drug vignettes: Tocilizumab Ferner RE, Aronson JK.
Updated   Drug vignettes
20201012 12th October COVID-19: Admissions to Hospital – Update Heneghan C, Oke J.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200501 1st May Covid 19 Hospitals – Back to the Future Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   Urban environment
20200501 1st May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 1st May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200502 2nd May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 2nd May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200503 3rd May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 3rd May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200504 4th May Is the ‘Lifelight’ app adequately validated for blood pressure measurement? Tarassenko L, McManus R, Greenhalgh T.
Updated   Signs and Symptoms, Symptom assessment
20200504 4th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 4th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200505 5th May COVID-19: Health Security Heneghan C, Jefferson T.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200505 5th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 5th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200505 5th May BAME COVID-19 DEATHS – What do we know? Rapid Data & Evidence Review Razaq A, Harrison D, Karunanithi S, Barr B, Asaria M, Routen A, Khunti K.
Updated   About coronavirus, Primary Care practice
20200505 5th May COVID-19: Unravelling the Uncertainties Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   Prevention
20200505 5th May Tracking mortality over time – ONS Update 5th May Oke J, DeVito N, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200506 6th May COVID-19: The Chain Ladder Method to estimate deaths not yet reported Christofides S, Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200811 11th August How can healthcare workers adapt non-pharmacological treatment – whilst maintaining safety – when treating people with COVID-19 and delirium? Jones L, Candy B, Roberts N, Ondrušková T, Short T, Sampson EL.
Updated   Palliative Care, Treatments for COVID
20200506 6th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 6th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200616 16th June Emergency Use Authorization of remdesivir by the US Food and Drug Administration Aronson JK, Ferner RE, Nunan D.
Updated   COVID-19, Treatments for COVID
20200507 7th May Leadership in COVID-19: What can history teach us about crisis leadership? Heneghan S, Mahtani KR.
Updated   COVID-19
20200507 7th May Activities delivered at home by family carers to maintain cognitive function in people with dementia socially isolating during COVID-19: Evidence for Non – technology based activities / interventions Lloyd-Williams M, Mogan C, Russell S, Harrison-Dening K.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200507 7th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 7th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200507 7th May Is oxygen an effective treatment option to alleviate the symptoms of breathlessness for patients dying with COVID-19 and what are the potential harms? Allsop M, Ziegler L, Fu Y, Rudd S, Bennett MI.
Updated   Palliative Care, Treatments for COVID
20200508 8th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 8th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20201111 11th November COVID-19: Care Homes in England – Update Heneghan C, Oke J.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200509 9th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 9th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200510 10th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 10th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200511 11th May Preventing non-COVID-19 hospital admissions during a pandemic: a rapid overview of the evidence for high-value medications Bobrovitz N, Lee J, Mahtani KR.
Updated   COVID-19, Primary Care practice
20200511 11th May COVID-19 Clinical Trials Report Card: Remdesivir DeVito NJ, Drysdale HM, Aronson JK.
Updated   About coronavirus
20200511 11th May COVID-19 Clinical Trials Report Card: Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine DeVito N, Liu M, Aronson JK.
Updated   About coronavirus
20200511 11th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 11th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200511 11th May COVID 19 – Understanding the Unknown in Acute Respiratory Infections Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   About coronavirus
20200526 26th May UK Data for Assessing COVID-19 Activity  Heneghan C, Oke J.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200511 11th May COVID-19: ‘Fever Hospitals’ Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   About coronavirus, Urban environment
20200511 11th May Leadership in COVID-19: building public trust is key Mahtani KR, Heneghan S.
Updated   COVID-19
20200512 12th May Rapid Review: Diabetic retinopathy screening during the COVID-19 pandemic Ahmad E, Davies MJ, Khunti K.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200512 12th May The FDA has authorised remdesivir for use in COVID-19 patients: but there’s no good evidence it reduces mortality Drysdale HM, DeVito NJ, Aronson JK.
Updated   Research and Trials
20200512 12th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 12th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200512 12th May Tracking mortality over time – Update 12th May Oke J, DeVito N, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200513 13th May Drug vignettes: Azithromycin Ferner RE, Aronson JK.
Updated   Drug vignettes, Treatments for COVID
20200513 13th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 13th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200514 14th May COVID-19: Have we forgotten our children in all this? Heneghan C, Jefferson T.
Updated  
20200514 14th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 14th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200514 14th May COVID-19: Roche Antibody Test – 14th May Fleming S, Heneghan C.
Updated   Diagnostics, Statistics and Mortality
20200515 15th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 15th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200516 16th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 16th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200517 17th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 17th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200517 17th May Current COVID-19 activity in the UK Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200602 2nd June Mast cell stabilisers, leukotriene antagonists and antihistamines: A rapid review of the evidence for their use in COVID-19 Raymond M, Ching-A-Sue G, van Hecke O.
Updated   COVID-19, Treatments for COVID
20200518 18th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 18th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200518 18th May A Composite Reference Standard for COVID-19 Diagnostic Accuracy Studies: a roadmap Graziadio S, Hicks T, Allen AJ, Suklan J, Urwin SG, Winter A, Price DA, Body R.
Updated   COVID-19, Diagnostic tests
20200518 18th May COVID-19 deaths that have occurred but are not yet reported – update 18 May 2020. Christofides S, Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   About coronavirus, COVID-19
20200519 19th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 19th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200519 19th May COVID-19: A Way out of the Maze? Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   COVID-19
20200520 20th May Loss of smell and taste as symptoms of COVID-19: what does the evidence say? Nunan D.
Updated   Signs and Symptoms, Symptom assessment
20200520 20th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 20th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200521 21st May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 21st May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200522 22nd May COVID-19: Faulty Logic, Distorted Perspectives Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   Research and Trials
20200522 22nd May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 22nd May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200522 22nd May COVID-19: Making Excess Death Comparisons Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200522 22nd May What is the performance and impact of disposable and reusable respirators for healthcare workers in the context of COVID-19? Burton C, et al
Updated   COVID-19, PPE
20200523 23rd May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 23rd May Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200524 24th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 24th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200525 25th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 25th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200526 26th May Leadership in COVID-19: The dangers of groupthink in crisis leadership Heneghan S, Mahtani KR.
Updated   COVID-19
20200526 26th May The role of nicotine in COVID-19 infection Hartmann-Boyce J, Lindson N.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200526 26th May In My Own Bed Please: Staying at home with Covid-19 Jenkins L.
Updated   Palliative Care
20200526 26th May Cancer and COVID-19: between a rock and a hard place Soliman R.
Updated   COVID-19
20200526 26th May Covid-19 and the role of oxygen in palliative care at home Jenkins L.
Updated   Palliative Care
20200526 26th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 26th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200527 27th May Face coverings for the lay public: an alternative view Greenhalgh T.
Updated   PPE
20200527 27th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 27th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200528 28th May Asthma and COVID-19: risks and management considerations Hartmann-Boyce J, et al.
Updated   Co-morbidities, COVID-19
20200528 28th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 28th May Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200529 29th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 29th May
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20210728 28th July More about chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine Aronson JK, Ferner RE.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200530 30th May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 30th May
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200531 31st May COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 31st May
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200601 1st June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 1st June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200602 2nd June COVID-19 hospital deaths that have occurred but not yet reported – update 30 May 2020. Christofides S, Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200602 2nd June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 2nd June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200602 2nd June COVID-19 Mortality Over Time – ONS Update 2nd June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200603 3rd June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 3rd June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200604 4th June The role and response of primary care and community nursing in the delivery of palliative care in epidemics and pandemics: a rapid review to inform practice and service delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic Mitchell S, Maynard V, Lyons V, Jones N, Gardiner C.
Updated   Palliative Care
20200604 4th June COVID-19 in meat and poultry facilities: a rapid review and lay media analysis Durand-Moreau Q, Adisesh A, Mackenzie G, Bowley J, Straube S, Chan X, Zelyas N, Greenhalgh T.
Updated   COVID-19
20200604 4th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 4th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated  
20200604 4th June Thrombosis in COVID-19: clinical outcomes, biochemical and pathological changes, and treatments Ferner RE, Levi M, Sofat R Aronson JK.
Updated   Treatments for COVID
20200605 5th June Extended use or re-use of single-use surgical masks and filtering facepiece respirators: A rapid evidence review Toomey E, Conway Y, et al.
Updated   PPE
20200605 5th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 5th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200606 6th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 6th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200607 7th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 7th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200608 8th June Are there risk factors and preventative interventions for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in COVID-19? Carver C, Jones N.
Updated   Co-morbidities, Signs and Symptoms, Treatments for COVID
20200608 8th June What impacts are emerging from Covid-19 for urban futures? Dixon T.
Updated   Urban environment
20200608 8th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 8th June
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200609 9th June Investigating Nosocomial Outbreaks of COVID-19
Updated  
20200609 9th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 9th June
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200610 10th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 10th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200611 11th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 11th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200612 12th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 12th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200614 14th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 14th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200615 15th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 15th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200616 16th June Covid-19: access to out-of-hours palliative and end-of-life care at home Jenkins L
Updated   Palliative Care
20200616 16th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 16th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200617 17th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 17th June Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200617 17th June Open Dashboards for COVID-19 Outbreaks
Updated  
20200618 18th June Transmission Dynamics of COVID-19 Jefferson T, Spencer EA, Plüddemann A, Roberts N, Heneghan C.
Open Evidence Reviews
20200618 18th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – Update 18th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Statistics and Mortality
20200618 18th June Thoughts on Estimating Excess Mortality from COVID-19 Oke J, Heneghan C.
Statistics and Mortality
20200619 19th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 19th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Statistics and Mortality
20200619 19th June COVID-19 Evidence is lacking for 2 meter distancing Tom Jefferson, Carl Heneghan
20200620 20th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 20th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Statistics and Mortality
20200621 21st June COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 21st June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Statistics and Mortality
20200625 25th June What is the evidence to support the 2-metre social distancing rule to reduce COVID-19 transmission? Qureshi Z, Jones N, Temple R, Larwood J, Greenhalgh T, Bourouiba L.
Updated  
20200622 22nd June Inhaled corticosteroids: A rapid review of the evidence for treatment or prevention of COVID-19 Armitage L, Brettell R.
Updated  
20200622 22nd June COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 22nd June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200623 23rd June COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 23rd June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200624 24th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 24th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200624 24th June Declining death rate from COVID-19 in hospitals in England Mahon J, Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200625 25th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 25th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200625 25th June Urban humans as new hosts: continuous wild habitat fragmentation will accelerate the conditions for future epidemics Duncan O.
Updated   Blog
20200626 26th June Drug vignettes: Dexamethasone Ferner RE, DeVito N, Aronson JK.
Updated   Drug vignettes
20200626 26th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 26th June Oke J, Heneghan C.
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200627 27th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 27th June Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200628 28th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 28th June
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200629 29th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 29th June Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200629 29th June COVID-19: Declining Admissions to Intensive Care Units Daniel Howdon, Jason Oke, Carl Heneghan
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200630 30th June COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 30th June Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200724 24th July The ethics of COVID-19 treatment studies: too many are open, too few are double-masked
Updated   COVID-19
20200701 1st July COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 1st July Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200702 2nd July COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 2nd July Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200703 3rd July Environmental Weather Conditions and Influence on Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Spencer EA, Brassey J, Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
Updated   Meteorological
20200704 4th July COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 3rd July
Updated  
20200705 5th July COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 5th July Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200706 6th July The post-pandemic future for city centre office space Darby R, Darby T.
Updated   Urban environment
20200706 6th July COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 6th July Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200707 7th July COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 7th July Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200708 8th July COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 8th July Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200708 8th July COVID-19 Mortality – ONS Update Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200709 9th July COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 9th July Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200710 10th July What are the risk factors and effectiveness of prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in COVID-19 patients? Kernohan A, Calderon M.
Updated   COVID-19
20200710 10th July COVID-19: Death Data in England – update 10th July Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated  
20201104 4th November COVID-19: Death Data in England – Daily Update Oke J, Fleming S, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200714 14th July ONS Death Data and the Disparity with PHE Daily Updates Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200716 16th July SARS-CoV-2 and the Role of Orofecal Transmission: Evidence Brief
Updated   Transmission dynamics
20200716 16th July Why no-one can ever recover from COVID-19 in England – a statistical anomaly Yoon K Loke, Carl Heneghan
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200716 16th July The Role of Orofecal Transmission
Updated  
20200723 23rd July Masking lack of evidence with politics Tom Jefferson, Carl Heneghan
Updated   Prevention, Research and Trials
20200728 28th July COVID-19 deaths in England and Wales: resolving discrepancies in deaths outside of hospital Howdon D, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200802 2nd August COVID cases in England aren’t rising: here’s why Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200804 4th August ONS Registered Deaths in England and Wales – Week ending 27th July Heneghan C, DeVito N
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200805 5th August Severe mental illness and risks from COVID-19 Barber S, Reed L, Syam N, Jones N.
Updated   Co-morbidities
20200805 5th August Are you infectious if you have a positive PCR test result for COVID-19? Tom Jefferson, Carl Heneghan, Elizabeth Spencer, Jon Brassey
Updated   Transmission dynamics
20200806 6th August Drug vignettes: Interferons Aronson JK, DeVito N, Plüddemann A, Ferner RE.
Updated   Drug vignettes
20200810 10th August Covid-19: Guidelines for Community Palliative Care – which is the ‘Best in Show’?
Updated   Palliative Care
20201026 26th October Drug vignettes: Remdesivir Ferner RE, Aronson JK.
Updated   Drug vignettes
20200810 10th August European Case-Fatality Rates beyond lockdown and the UK’s outlier status Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200811 11th August ONS Death Data update and Disparity with PHE – Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200812 12th August Public Health England has changed its definition of deaths: here’s what it means Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200818 18th August Advance care planning in the community in the context of COVID-19 Selman L, Lapwood S, Jones N, Pocock L, Anderson R, Pilbeam, Johnston B, Chao D, Roberts N, Short T, Ondruskova T.
Updated   Palliative Care, Primary Care practice
20200818 18th August The increase in Deaths in the Home Setting: ONS Update: Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200819 19th August The Declining Case Fatality Ratio in England Howdon D, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200819 19th August Why Oldham shouldn’t go into Lockdown Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200821 21st August Estimating the infection fatality ratio in England Howdon D, Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200901 1st September The Flaw in the reporting of Welsh data on Covid Hospital admissions Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200901 1st September Staying at home with severe Covid-19: risks to family and carers Jenkins L.
Updated   Palliative Care
20200902 2nd September Is Scotland overcounting the number of patients in hospital beds? Heneghan C, Howdon D, Oke J
Statistics and Mortality
20200909 9th September Pitfalls of repeat testing, illustrated with the House of Commons Richard Stevens, Annette Pluddemann, Jason Oke
20200909 9th September Should COVID-19 travel quarantine policy be based on apparent new case rates? Richard Stevens, Richard Hobbs, Rafael Perera, Jason Oke
COVID-19
20200909 9th September Declining COVID-19 Case Fatality Rates across all ages: analysis of German data Oke J, Howdon D, Heneghan C
Statistics and Mortality
20200911 11th September When is Covid, Covid?  Elizabeth Spencer, Tom Jefferson, Jon Brassey, Carl Heneghan
COVID-19, Diagnostic tests, Signs and Symptoms
20200914 14th September Bin the rule of six Jefferson T, Heneghan C.
About coronavirus
20200916 16th September Death certificate data: COVID-19 as the underlying cause of death Daniel Howdon, Jason Oke, Carl Heneghan
Statistics and Mortality
20200923 23rd September PCR positives: what do they mean? Chiesa M, Hernanadez S S.
Updated   Diagnostic tests
20200918 18th September Does the resurgence of COVID-19 in Spain exhibit exponential growth? Howdon D, Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200919 19th September Spain’s Covid-19 outbreak: regional differences and asymptomatics Daniel Howdon, Jason Oke, Carl Heneghan
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200921 21st September Epidemic curves organised by reporting date and specimen date.  Daniel Howdon, Jason Oke, Tom Jefferson, Carl Heneghan
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200923 23rd September Exponential growth: what it is, why it matters, and how to spot it Richard Stevens, Rafael Perera, Carl Heneghan, Richard Hobbs, Jason Ok
Updated  
20201025 25th October Tracking UK Covid-19 cases   Jason Oke, Daniel Howdon, Carl Heneghan
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20200929 29th September Summary of the ONS report on deaths registered weekly in England and Wales, 29th September.  Oke J, Howdon C, Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20210906 6th September Monoclonal antibodies directed against SARS-CoV-2: synthetic neutralizing antibodies, the REGN-COV2 antibody cocktail Ferner RE, Aronson JK.
Updated  
20201015 15th October Probable healthcare associated infections in England Daniel Howdon, Jason Oke, Tom Jefferson, Carl Heneghan
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20201019 19th October What is the role of T cells in COVID-19 infection? Why immunity is about more than antibodies
Updated  
20201020 20th October Covid-19: Hope for the Best, Prepare for the Worst – Advance Care Planning Jenkins L, Waterman R
Updated   Palliative Care
20201023 23rd October Interpreting excess mortality in England: week ending 9 October 2020 Daniel Howdon, Jason Oke, Tom Jefferson, Carl Heneghan
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20201030 30th October The Ongoing Problem of UK Hospital Acquired Infections Daniel Howdon, Jason Oke, Tom Jefferson, Carl Heneghan
Statistics and Mortality
20201102 2nd November SAGE models overestimation of deaths Daniel Howdon, Carl Heneghan
Statistics and Mortality
20201124 24th November How can patients with COVID-19 and their family or unpaid carers be enabled and supported to manage palliative care treatment safely and effectively at home? France R, Vseteckova J, Lapwood S, Roberts N, Jones N, Flemming K
Palliative Care
20201208 8th December PROTOCOL Rapid reviews of evidence for WHO scientific briefs on COVID-19 and selected Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs)
Protocol
20210118 18th January Drug vignettes: Baricitinib Ferner RE, Aronson JK.
Drug vignettes
20220119 19th January Drug vignettes: Colchicine Ferner RE, Sofat R Aronson JK
Updated   Drug vignettes
20210211 11th February Recent falls in age-specific estimates of the case fatality ratio in England Daniel Howdon, Jason Oke, Carl Heneghan
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20210301 1st March Risks of and from SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) infection in people with asthma Hartmann-Boyce J, Rees K, Otunla A, Schofield E, Gunnell J, Mighiu A, Hobbs, R, Dennison P.
Updated   COVID-19
20210303 3rd March Excess Mortality across Countries in 2020 Ufuk Parildar, Rafael Perara, Jason Oke
Updated   Statistics and Mortality
20210304 4th March The accuracy of chest CT in the diagnosis of COVID-19: An umbrella review Park J, Freer R, Stevens R, Soneji. N, Jones N.
Updated   COVID-19, Diagnostic tests, Diagnostics
20211116 16th November Measuring vaccine efficacy from population data Oke J, Heneghan C
Updated   COVID-19, Statistics and Mortality
20230111 11th January Florence Nightingale Diagrams of Deaths in England & Wales Heneghan C
Updated   Statistics and Mortality

CEBM Research The CEBM has committed its skills and expertise in evidence synthesis and dissemination to the effort against the current COVID-19 pandemic.

This is a collection of rapid reviews of primary care questions relating to the coronavirus pandemic.

Unfortunately we are unable to respond directly to individual queries.